Fujiwara no Onshi

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Empress consort of Japan
Fujiwara no Onshi
藤原穏子
Empress consort of Japan
TenureMay 14, 923 – March 19, 931
Empress dowager of Japan
TenureMarch 19, 931 – 946
Grand empress dowager of Japan
TenureMay 29 , 946 – February 9, 954
BornFujiwara no Onshi (藤原 穏子)
885
DiedFebruary 9, 954(954-02-09) (aged 68–69)
Heian Kyō (Kyōto)
Burial
Uji Mausoleum, Uji, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan
SpouseEmperor Daigo
IssuePrince Yasuakira
Princess Koushi
Emperor Suzaku
Emperor Murakami
HouseYamato (by marriage)
Fujiwara Hokke (by birth)
FatherFujiwara no Mototsune
MotherDaughter of Imperial Prince Saneyasu

Fujiwara no Onshi (藤原 穏子, 885 – February 9, 954) was an Empress consort of Japan. The youngest daughter of Kampaku Fujiwara no Mototsune, she was the wife of Emperor Daigo and the mother of emperor Suzaku and Murakami.[1]

Life

Onshi shared her name with her elder sister, Fujiwara no Onshii (882 – 907), who was the wife of Emperor Uda of Japan and the adoptive mother of Emperor Daigo.

In 930, her spouse, the retired Emperor Daigo, as well as her father-in-law, the retired Emperor Uda, died, leaving Fujiwara no Onshi in a very influential position as the mother of the young Emperor Suzaku as well as the Crown Prince Murakami. This position allowed her to become the Head of the Imperial Family, and she institutionalized the role of the Emperor's mother and her office as synonymous with the caretaker of a child emperor.[2]

She continued to live with Emperor Suzaku after he became an adult and married, retaining her influence. During the reign of her next son, Emperor Murakami, she maintained peace within the Imperial House by acting as a mediator between her sons, the emperor and the retired emperor. In 950, she secured the appointment of prince Noriki as crown prince.

Notes

  1. ^ Fr?d?ric, Louis; Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674017535.
  2. ^ Adolphson, Mikael S.; Kamens, Edward; Matsumoto, Stacie (2007). Heian Japan: Centers and Peripheries. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 9780824830137.
Japanese royalty
Preceded by Empress consort of Japan
923–931
Succeeded by
Preceded by
Princess Hanshi
Empress dowager of Japan
931–946
Succeeded by
Fujiwara no Anshi
(granted title posthumously)
Preceded by
Fujiwara no Akirakeiko
Grand empress dowager of Japan
946–954
Succeeded by
Fujiwara no Anshi
(granted title posthumously)
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Legendary
Jōmon
660 BC–291 BC
Yayoi
290 BC–269 AD
Yamato
Kofun
269–539
Asuka
539–710
Nara
710–794
Heian
794–1185
Kamakura
1185–1333
Northern Court
1333–1392
  • None
Muromachi
1333–1573
Azuchi-Momoyama
1573–1603
  • None
Edo
1603–1868
Empire of Japan
1868–1947
State of Japan
1947–present

Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are in CE / AD  1 individuals that were given the title of empress posthumously 2 individuals elevated to the rank of empress due to their position as honorary mother of the emperor 3 Shōshi served briefly as honorary empress for her younger brother Emperor Go-Daigo

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Legendary
Jōmon
660 BC–291 BC
Yayoi
290 BC–269 AD
Yamato
Kofun
269–539
Asuka
539–710
Nara
710–794
Heian
794–1185
Kamakura
1185–1333
Northern Court
1333–1392
  • None
Muromachi
1333–1573
  • Ano no Renshi
  • Niwata Asako1
  • Madenokōji Eiko1
Azuchi-Momoyama
1573–1603
  • None
Edo
1603–1868
  • Konoe Hisako1
  • Nijō Ieko
  • Ichijō Tomiko
  • Konoe Koreko
  • Princess Yoshiko
  • Takatsukasa Yasuko
Empire of Japan
1868–1947
State of Japan
1947–present

Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are in CE / AD  1 individuals that were given the title of empress dowager posthumously 2 title removed in 896 due to a suspected affair with head priest of the Toko-ji Temple; title posthumously restored in 943 3 was made High Empress or de jure empress dowager during her husband's reign

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Nara
710–794
  • Fujiwara no Miyako
Heian
794–1185
Kamakura
1185–1333

Years are in CE / AD  1 individuals that were given the title of grand empress dowager posthumously

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