Yi Cha-ch'un
King of Joseon (posthumously)
| Yi Cha-ch'un 이자춘 李子春 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| King of Joseon (posthumously) | |||||||||
| Darugachi | |||||||||
| Reign | 1343–1356 | ||||||||
| Born | 20 January 1315 Aldong, Ssangseong Prefecture, Yuan dynasty (now Gyeongheung-gun, North Hamgyeong Province) | ||||||||
| Died | 3 June 1361 (aged 46) Gwiju-dong, Hamheung-bu, Dongbuk-myeon, Goryeo (now Yeongheung-gun, Hamgyeongnam-do) | ||||||||
| Burial | Jeongneung tomb Hamju County, South Hamgyeong Province, North Korea | ||||||||
| Spouse | Lady Yi Queen Uihye | ||||||||
| Issue | 5 sons and 2 daughters | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| House | Yi | ||||||||
| Father | Yi Chun | ||||||||
| Mother | Lady, of the Munju Bak clan | ||||||||
Yi Cha-ch'un (Korean: 이자춘; Hanja: 李子春; 20 January 1315 – 3 June 1361) or known by his Mongolian name Ulus Bukha (Korean: 울루스부카; Hanja: 吾魯思不花), was a minor military officer of the Yuan Empire who later transferred his allegiance to Goryeo and became the father of Yi Sŏng-gye, founder of the Joseon Dynasty.
Biography
Yi Cha-ch'un was a chiliarch of a Yuan Dynasty mingghan in Ssangseong Prefecture (present-day Kŭmya County, South Hamgyŏng Province, North Korea - former Goryeo territory annexed by Mongol Empire). After Ssangseong was reconquered by Goryeo under King Gongmin, he migrated to Hamju and got promoted to manho (the equivalent of the Mongolian myriarch of a tümen, lit. ten thousand or chief of ten thousand). He married a Goryeo-Korean lady from Anbyeon, who became Queen Uihye, the mother of Yi Sŏng-gye. He died in Hamgyong in 1361.
Since he was glamorized by his descendants, descriptions of Yi Cha-ch'un's life tend to be contradictory to each other. For example, he is said to have risen to the rank of scholar-official. However, when he died, the king at the time expressed condolences for Cha-ch'un as if for scholar-officials, implying that Yi Cha-ch'un was not a scholar-official.[citation needed]
Family
- Father: Yi Ch'un
- Grandfather: Yi Haeng-ni
- Grandmother: Queen Jeongsuk of the Yeongheung Ch'oe clan
- Mother: Queen Gyeongsun of the Munju Pak clan
- Grandfather: Pak Kwang (박광)
- Wives and their Children:
- Lady Yi of the Hansan Yi clan (부인 한산이씨; d. 1333)
- Yi Wŏn-gye, Grand Prince Wanpung (1330–1388)
- Yi Ch'ŏn-gye, Grand Prince Yeongseong (1333–1376)
- Lady Yi (부인 이씨) – married Kang U (강우; 康祐)
- Queen Uihye of the Yeongheung Ch'oe clan
- Yi Sŏng-gye, King Taejo of Joseon (1335–1408)
- Princess Jeonghwa
- Lady Kim Koŭmga (d. 1404)
- Yi Hwa, Grand Prince Uian (1348–1408)
- Unknown woman
- Yi Yŏng (이영; d. 1394)
In popular culture
- Portrayed by Jeon Byung-ok in the 2005–2006 MBC TV series Shin Don.
- Portrayed by Jung Dong-gyu in the 2012 SBS TV series Faith.
- Portrayed by Lee Soon-jae in the 2015–2016 SBS TV series Six Flying Dragons.
References
See also
- v
- t
- e
House of Yi 
- List of Monarchs
- Kings of Joseon
- Emperor of Korea
- King Yi
- Genealogy
- Jeonju Yi clan
- Royal Family Association
- Kingdom of Joseon and Korean Empire (1392–1910)
(1392–1897)
- Taejo (1392–1398)
- Jeongjong (1398–1400)
- Taejong (1400–1418)
- Sejong (1418–1450)
- Munjong (1450–1452)
- Danjong (1452–1455)
- Sejo (1455–1468)
- Yejong (1468–1469)
- Seongjong (1469–1494)
- Yeonsan# (1494–1506)
- Jungjong (1506–1544)
- Injong (1544–1545)
- Myeongjong (1545–1569)
- Seonjo (1569–1608)
- Gwanghae# (1608–1623)
- Injo (1623–1649)
- Hyojong (1649–1659)
- Hyeonjong (1659–1674)
- Sukjong (1674–1720)
- Gyeongjong (1720–1724)
- Yeongjo (1724–1776)
- Jeongjo (1776–1800)
- Sunjo (1800–1834)
- Heonjong (1834–1849)
- Cheoljong (1849–1864)
- Gojong (1864–1897)
(1897–1910)
- Heungan (1624)
- Korea under Japanese rule (1910–1945)
(1910–1947)
| King Emeritus (Deoksugung) |
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|---|---|
| King (Changdeokgung) | |
| Crown Prince |
- Post-World War II (1945–present)
Royal Family Association
(1957–)
| In office | |
|---|---|
| Posthumous recognition |
- Yi Seok (2005–present)
- Yi Hae-won (2006–2020)
- # denotes that the king was deposed and never received a temple name.
- ^ Those who were listed were not reigning monarchs but posthumously recognized; the year following means the year of recognition.
- ^ Only the crown princes that didn't become the king were listed; the former year indicates when one officially became the heir and the latter one is that when one died/deposed. Those who ascended to the throne were excluded in the list for simplification.
- ^ The title given to the biological father, who never reigned, of the kings who were adopted as the heir to a precedent king.
- ^ The de jure monarch of Korea during the era was the Emperor of Japan, while the former Korean emperors were given nobility title "King Yi" instead.
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