Vivek Kundra

American government official
Vivek Kundra
1st Chief Information Officer of the United States
In office
March 5, 2009 – August 4, 2011
PresidentBarack Obama
Preceded byKaren Evans (Administrator of the Office of Electronic Government and Information Technology)
Succeeded bySteven VanRoekel
Personal details
Born (1974-10-09) October 9, 1974 (age 49)
New Delhi, India
EducationUniversity of Maryland, College Park (BS)
University of Maryland, University College (MS)

Vivek Kundra (born October 9, 1974) is a former American administrator who served as the first chief information officer of the United States from March, 2009 to August, 2011 under President Barack Obama.[1] He is currently the chief operating officer at Sprinklr, a provider of enterprise customer experience management software based in NYC. He was previously a visiting Fellow at Harvard University.[2]

He previously served in D.C. Mayor Adrian Fenty's cabinet as the District's chief technology officer and in Virginia Governor Tim Kaine's cabinet as Assistant Secretary of Commerce and Technology.

Early life and education

Kundra was born in New Delhi, India, on October 9, 1974. He moved to Tanzania with his family at the age of one, when his father joined a group of professors and teachers to provide education to local residents. Kundra learned Swahili as his first language, in addition to Hindi and English. His family moved to the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area when he was eleven.[3][4]

Kundra attended college at the University of Maryland, College Park, where he received a degree in psychology. He earned a master's degree in information technology, from the University of Maryland University College. Additionally, he is a graduate of the University of Virginia's Sorensen Institute for Political Leadership.[5]

Career

Kundra is currently the chief operating officer at Sprinklr, a provider of enterprise customer experience management software based in NYC.

Previously, Kundra served as director of Infrastructure Technology for Arlington County, Virginia, starting September 11, 2001.

Governor Tim Kaine appointed Kundra in January 2006 to the post of Assistant Secretary of Commerce and Technology for Virginia, the first dual cabinet role in the state's history.

Mayor Adrian Fenty appointed him on March 27, 2007, to the cabinet post of chief technology officer (CTO) for the District of Columbia. Kundra worked on developing programs to spur open source and crowdsourced applications using publicly accessible Web services from the District of Columbia. Building on the work of Suzanne Peck, who preceded him as DC's CTO and created the D.C. Data Catalog,[6] he used that data as the source material for an initiative called Apps for Democracy. The contest yielded 47 web, iPhone and Facebook applications from residents in 30 days. Mayor Fenty stated that the program cost the District "50 thousand dollars total and we estimate that we will save the district millions of dollars in program development costs".[7] This cost-benefit was claimed by the D.C. government as savings in internal operational and contractual costs.[8] Taking a page from Kundra[9] this initiative was mirrored by New York City's mayor Michael Bloomberg in launching a "BigApps" contest housed at NYC BigApps as well as New York City's DataMine.[10] The city of San Francisco launched a data portal similar DC's in 2009.[11]

Kundra won recognition for the project management system he implemented for the District government.[12][13] The system imagined projects as publicly traded companies, project schedules as quarterly reports, and user satisfaction as stock prices. Buying or selling a stock corresponded to adding resources to a project or taking them away. The goal of management was to optimize the project portfolio for return on investment. The system effectively replaced subjective judgments about projects with objective, data driven analytics.[12]

Kundra's efforts to use cloud-based web applications in the D.C. government have also been considered innovative.[14] Following the D.C. example driven by Kundra, the city of Los Angeles is now taking steps to adopt the cloud computing model for its IT needs.[15] A D.C. spokeswoman said that the District of Columbia paid $479,560 for the Enterprise Google Apps license, which is $3.5 million less than what it had planned to spend on an alternative plan.[15] Since its deployment in July 2008 Google Apps is available to 38,000 D.C. city employees, but only 1,000–2,000 are actively using Google Docs. Only 200 employees are actively using Gmail.[16] In late 2010, hoping to spur use of Gmail, the city ran a pilot program, selecting about 300 users and having them use the Google product for three months. Google participated closely in the project, but Gmail ultimately didn't pass the "as good or better" test with the users, who preferred Exchange/Outlook. In July 2011, the General Services Administration (GSA) became the first federal agency to migrate its email services for 17,000 employees and contractors to the cloud-based Google Apps for Government, saving $15.2 million over 5 years.[17] As of July 2011, government agencies in 42 states are leveraging cloud-based messaging and collaboration services.[18]

The first major cloud project during his tenure was GSA's migration of e-mail/Lotus Notes to the Gmail and Salesforce.com's platform. GSA awarded a contract for e-mail in December 2010 and a five-year contract to Salesforce in August 2011.[19] A September 2012 Inspector General report found the savings and cost analysis not verifiable and recommended GSA update its cost analysis. GSA office of CIO was unable to provide documentation supporting its analysis regarding the initial projected savings for government staffing and contractor support. The audit found that the agency could neither verify those savings nor clearly determine if the cloud migration is meeting agency expectations despite initial claims that indicated 50%[20] cost savings[21]

Kundra also moved the city's geographic information systems department to a middle school.[22]

Federal Chief Information Officer (CIO)

Before his appointment as CIO, Mr. Kundra served as technology adviser on President Barack Obama's transition team. Kundra was officially named by President Obama on March 5, 2009, to the post of Federal CIO.[23]

The Federal Chief Information Officer is responsible for directing the policy and strategic planning of federal information technology investments as well as for oversight of federal technology spending. Until Kundra, the position had previously been more limited within the Office of Management and Budget where a federal chief information officer role had been created by the E-Government Act of 2002.[24] The Federal CIO establishes and oversees enterprise architecture to ensure system interoperability and information sharing and maintains information security and privacy across the federal government. According to President Obama, as Chief Information Officer, Kundra "will play a key role in making sure our government is running in the most secure, open, and efficient way possible".[1] To further President Obama's overall technology agenda, Vivek Kundra, Jeffrey Zients, the Chief Performance Officer, and Aneesh Chopra, the chief technology officer, will work closely together.[25] Kundra and Chopra previously worked in Governor Tim Kaine's administration.[26]

Kundra made it a priority to focus on the following areas:

  • Cybersecurity
  • Ensuring openness and transparency
  • Innovation[27]
  • Lowering the cost of government
  • Participatory democracy

One of his first projects was the launch of Data.gov, a site for access to raw government data.[28] Another project launched by Kundra in June 2009 was the Federal IT Dashboard, which gives an assessment (in terms of cost, schedule and CIO ranking) of many large government IT projects.[29]

Democratizing data

Kundra launched the Data.gov platform on May 21, 2009[30] with the goal of providing public access to raw datasets generated by the Executive Branch of the Federal Government to enable public participation and private sector innovation.[31] Data.gov draws conceptual parallels from the DC Data Catalog launched by Kundra when he was CTO of Washington, D.C., where he published vast amounts of datasets for public use. Immediately after the Data.gov launch, the Apps for America[32] contest by the Sunlight Foundation challenged the American people to develop innovative solutions using Data.gov. San Francisco,[11] the City of New York,[10] the State of California,[33] the State of Utah,[34] the State of Michigan,[35] and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts[36] have launched public access websites modeled after Data.gov. Internationally, over 46 countries have launched open data sites patterned after Data.Gov, some using the U.S. Data.gov software which was made open source and made available on GitHub. Additionally, states, cities and counties have launched sites, notably[37]some cities in Canada, and the UK are following suit.[38]

IT Dashboard

President Barack Obama testing the IT Dashboard

On June 30, 2009, at the Personal Democracy Forum in New York,[39] Vivek Kundra, unveiled the IT Dashboard that tracks over $76 billion in Federal IT spending.[40] The IT Dashboard is part of USASpending.gov to track all government spending.[41] The IT Dashboard is designed to provide CIOs of individual government agencies, the public and agency leaders unprecedented visibility into the operations and performance of Federal IT investments (spending), and the ability to provide and receive direct feedback to those directly accountable.[42] In January 2010, Kundra followed up the work on the IT Dashboard with TechStat accountability sessions.[43] These sessions are designed to turn around, halt or terminate at-risk and failing IT projects in the federal government. It allows agency CIOs, CFOs, and other key stakeholders to find solutions for IT projects that are over budget, behind schedule, or under-performing.

Cloud computing

Kundra launched the federal government strategy and the cloud computing portal Apps.gov at NASA's Ames Research Center, Moffett Field in California, on September 15, 2009.[44] Apps.gov is a new service provided by the GSA[45] where federal agencies can subscribe to IT services. Kundra saw the cloud as an alternative to hardware investments, as means to reduce IT costs, and to shift focus of federal IT from infrastructure management to strategic projects.[46] This initiative aims to use commercially derived technologies to promote software tools, vast data storage and data sharing, and to foster collaboration across all federal agencies.[45] Howard Schmidt, White House cybersecurity coordinator, will work closely with the Federal CIO and CTO with respect to cloud initiatives[47] and has the responsibility of orchestrating all cybersecurity activities across the government.[48]

On December 9, 2010, Kundra published the "25 Point Implementation Plan to Reform Federal Information Technology Management", which included Cloud First as one of its top priorities for achieving IT efficiency. Cloud First required each agency to identify three cloud initiatives.[49] He announced his decision to leave the federal government and join Harvard University within 7 months of this strategy, too short for any of cloud first initiatives to have demonstrated cost savings.[19] After a short 5 months at Harvard he left to join Salesforce.com, a cloud SaaS and PaaS provider.

Management reforms

Kundra published a 25-point implementation plan[50] to reform how the federal government manages information technology. The execution plan follows his decision to reevaluate some of the government's most troubled IT projects.[51] Of 38 projects reviewed, four have been canceled,[52] 11 have been rescoped, and 12 have cut the time for delivery of functionality down by more than half, from two to three years down to an average of 8 months, achieving a total of $3 billion in lifecycle budget reductions, according to whitehouse.gov

This image illustrates the work done by US Chief Information Officer Vivek Kundra to reform Federal IT management

Suspension

On March 13, 2009, Kundra was placed on indefinite leave following an FBI raid on his former D.C. office and the arrest of two individuals in relation to a bribery investigation.[53][54] Kundra returned to duties after five days with no finding of wrongdoing on his part.

Post-Obama administration career

Kundra left his post as chief information officer in August 2011 to accept an academic fellowship at Harvard University, conducting research at both the Berkman Center for Internet & Society and the Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy.[55][56]

In January 2012 Kundra joined Salesforce.com as Executive Vice President of Emerging Markets.[57] In February, 2017 he joined Outcome Health as EVP of Provider Solutions,[58] and then promoted to Chief Operating Officer in July.[59] Vivek left Outcome in Nov 2017[60] soon after its major investors filed a lawsuit alleging improper practices against its founders for misleading advertisers and investors.[61] On May 16, 2018[62] Kundra joined the private start-up Sprinklr as chief operating officer.[63]

Professional recognition

In May 2011, Kundra was selected by EMC Corporation for their Data Hero Visionary Award for his pioneering work under the Obama Administration to reform how the Federal government manages and uses information technology.[64] EMC states that, "Kundra has led the nation to seek innovative solutions to lower the cost of government operations, while exploring ways to fundamentally change the way the public sector and the public interact".[64]

In March 2011, Kundra was selected by the World Economic Forum as a Young Global Leader for his professional accomplishments, commitment to society and potential to contribute to shaping the future of the world.[65]

Kundra was awarded the 2010 National Cyber Security Leadership Award[66] by the SANS Institute for uncovering more than $300 million each year in wasted federal spending on ineffective certification and accreditation reporting and demonstrating an alternative approach called "continuous monitoring" that provides more effective security for federal systems at lower costs.

Kundra was named Chief of the Year on December 21, 2009, by InformationWeek for driving unprecedented change in federal IT.[46]

Kundra was named by InfoWorld among the top 25 CTO's in the country.[67]

He was also selected as a 2008 MIT Sloan CIO Symposium Award Finalist[13] on 'Balancing Innovation and Cost Leadership'.[13] Both organizations cited the "stock market" approach to IT portfolio management that Kundra implemented for the District of Columbia. The system measured project performance and allocated IT investments similar to the way the public companies trade on the stock market.[12]

Harvard Kennedy School of Government's Ash Institute also awarded the Innovations in American Government Award (2009) to "District of Columbia's Data Feeds: Democratization of Government Data".[68] The project spearheaded by Kundra, Mayor Fenty, and CPO David Gragan[69] was cited for "increase in civic participation, government accountability, and transparency in D.C. government practices" through sites like the Digital Public Square[70] and the DC Data Catalog.[71]

Kundra was recognized as the 2008 Government Sector IT Executive of the Year by the Tech Council of Maryland. The organization cited Kundra's efforts to increase public access to government information and services through live data feeds and data sets.[72] Kundra was also a recipient of the Federal 100 Award[73] for significant contributions to the federal information technology community.[74][75]

See also

References

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  2. ^ "Our Nation's First Federal CIO". whitehouse.gov. 16 June 2011 – via National Archives.
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  10. ^ a b New York Future Initiative (06-29-2009)"Bloomberg Announces 'Big Apps' Contest"
  11. ^ a b "San Francisco".
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  50. ^ 25-Point Implementation Plan to Reform, cio.gov
  51. ^ Schatz, Amy (2010-08-23). "U.S. Reviews Tech Spending". The Wall Street Journal.
  52. ^ Censer, Marjorie (2010-12-13). "Agencies have deadline to name services destined for Web". The Washington Post.
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  65. ^ Zopf, Yann (2011-03-11),"World Economic Forum Announces Young Global Leaders 2011 (North America)", World Economic Forum
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  68. ^ The Ash Institute for Democratic Governance and Innovation (2009-09-15) “District of Columbia's Data Feeds Wins Innovations in American Government Award” John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University.
  69. ^ Van der Veen, Chad (2009-09-14). "D.C.'s Data Feeds Wins Kennedy School's Innovations in American Government Award". Government Technology. Archived from the original on May 31, 2010. Retrieved 2009-11-08. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  70. ^ District of Columbia “DC Digital Public Square” Archived 2009-11-11 at the Wayback Machine
  71. ^ District of Columbia “DC Data Catalog”
  72. ^ Michelle Ferrone (2008-11-07). "The Tech Council of Maryland Announces Award Winners of 2008 CIO&CTO LIVE! Awards". Tech Council MD. Archived from the original on January 6, 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-05. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  73. ^ Monroe, John S. (2009-02-13). "2009 Federal 100 Winners" (PDF). Federal Computer Week. Retrieved 2009-11-09. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  74. ^ Monroe, John S. (2009-02-13). "FCW announces the 2009 Federal 100 award winners". Federal Computer Week. Retrieved 2009-11-09. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  75. ^ "Vivek Kundra joins Outcome Health as EVP, Provider Solutions" (Press release).

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vivek Kundra.
  • Federal CIO Council
  • Appearances on C-SPAN
  • 'Democratizing Data and Putting it in the Public Domain', November 20, 2008
  • Live On Video: Federal CIO Vivek Kundra In His Own Words, InformationWeek Wolfe's Den blog - March 6, 2009
  • Kundra on Democratizing Data Government Technology Magazine, March 2009
  • The Most Influential Global Indians in Technology Dataquest
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White House Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel 2009–10 National Security Advisor James L. Jones 2009–10
Pete Rouse 2010–11 Thomas E. Donilon 2010–13
William M. Daley 2011–12 Susan Rice 2013–17
Jack Lew 2012–13 Deputy National Security Advisor Thomas E. Donilon 2009–10
Denis McDonough 2013–17 Denis McDonough 2010–13
White House Deputy Chief of Staff for Policy Mona Sutphen 2009–11 Antony Blinken 2013–14
Nancy-Ann DeParle 2011–13 Avril Haines 2015–17
Rob Nabors 2013–15 Dep. National Security Advisor, Homeland Security John O. Brennan 2009–13
White House Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations Jim Messina 2009–11 Lisa Monaco 2013–17
Alyssa Mastromonaco 2011–14 Dep. National Security Advisor, Iraq and Afghanistan Douglas Lute† 2009–13
Anita Decker Breckenridge 2014–17 Dep. National Security Advisor, Strategic Comm. Ben Rhodes 2009–17
White House Deputy Chief of Staff for Planning Mark B. Childress 2012–14 Dep. National Security Advisor, Chief of Staff Mark Lippert 2009
Kristie Canegallo 2014–17 Denis McDonough 2009–10
Counselor to the President Pete Rouse 2011–13 Brooke D. Anderson 2011–12
John Podesta 2014–15 White House Communications Director Ellen Moran 2009
Senior Advisor to the President David Axelrod 2009–11 Anita Dunn 2009
David Plouffe 2011–13 Daniel Pfeiffer 2009–13
Daniel Pfeiffer 2013–15 Jennifer Palmieri 2013–15
Shailagh Murray 2015–17 Jen Psaki 2015–17
Senior Advisor to the President Pete Rouse 2009–10 Deputy White House Communications Director Jen Psaki 2009–11
Brian Deese 2015–17 Jennifer Palmieri 2011–14
Senior Advisor to the President and Valerie Jarrett 2009–17 Amy Brundage 2014–16
Assistant to the President for Liz Allen 2016–17
Public Engagement and Intergovernmental Affairs White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs 2009–11
Director, Public Engagement Tina Tchen 2009–11 Jay Carney 2011–13
Jon Carson 2011–13 Josh Earnest 2013–17
Paulette L. Aniskoff 2013–17 Deputy Press Secretary Bill Burton 2009–11
Director, Intergovernmental Affairs Cecilia Muñoz 2009–12 Josh Earnest 2011–13
David Agnew 2012–14 Eric Schultz 2014–17
Jerry Abramson 2014–17 Director of Special Projects Stephanie Cutter 2010–11
Director, National Economic Council Lawrence Summers 2009–10 Director, Speechwriting Jon Favreau 2009–13
Gene Sperling 2011–14 Cody Keenan 2013–17
Jeff Zients 2014–17 Director, Digital Strategy Macon Phillips 2009–13
Chair, Council of Economic Advisers Christina Romer 2009–10 Chief Digital Officer Jason Goldman 2015–17
Austan Goolsbee 2010–13 Director, Legislative Affairs Phil Schiliro 2009–11
Jason Furman 2013–17 Rob Nabors 2011–13
Chair, Economic Recovery Advisory Board Paul Volcker 2009–11 Katie Beirne Fallon 2013–16
Chair, Council on Jobs and Competitiveness Jeff Immelt 2011–13 Miguel Rodriguez 2016
Director, Domestic Policy Council Melody Barnes 2009–12 Amy Rosenbaum 2016–17
Cecilia Muñoz 2012–17 Director, Political Affairs Patrick Gaspard 2009–11
Director, Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships Joshua DuBois 2009–13 David Simas 2011–16
Melissa Rogers 2013–17 Director, Presidential Personnel Nancy Hogan 2009–13
Director, Office of Health Reform Nancy-Ann DeParle 2009–11 Johnathan D. McBride 2013–14
Director, Office of National AIDS Policy Jeffrey Crowley 2009–11 Valerie E. Green 2014–15
Grant N. Colfax 2011–13 Rodin A. Mehrbani 2016–17
Douglas M. Brooks 2013–17 White House Staff Secretary Lisa Brown 2009–11
Director, Office of Urban Affairs Adolfo Carrión Jr. 2009–10 Rajesh De 2011–12
Racquel S. Russell 2010–14 Douglas Kramer 2012–13
Roy Austin Jr. 2014–17 Joani Walsh 2014–17
Director, Office of Energy and Climate Change Policy Carol Browner 2009–11 Director, Management and Administration Bradley J. Kiley 2009–11
White House Counsel Greg Craig 2009–10 Katy A. Kale 2011–15
Bob Bauer 2010–11 Maju Varghese 2015–17
Kathryn Ruemmler 2011–14 Director, Scheduling and Advance Alyssa Mastromonaco 2009–11
Neil Eggleston 2014–17 Danielle Crutchfield 2011–14
White House Cabinet Secretary Chris Lu 2009–13 Chase Cushman 2014–17
Danielle C. Gray 2013–14 Director, White House Information Technology David Recordon 2015–17
Broderick D. Johnson 2014–17 Director, Office of Administration Cameron Moody 2009–11
Personal Aide to the President Reggie Love 2009–11 Beth Jones 2011–15
Brian Mosteller 2011–12 Cathy Solomon 2015–17
Marvin D. Nicholson 2012–17 Director, Office of Science and Technology Policy John Holdren 2009–17
Director, Oval Office Operations Brian Mosteller 2012–17 Chief Technology Officer Aneesh Chopra 2009–12
Personal Secretary to the President Katie Johnson 2009–11 Todd Park 2012–14
Anita Decker Breckenridge 2011–14 Megan Smith 2014–17
Ferial Govashiri 2014–17 Director, Office of Management and Budget Peter R. Orszag 2009–10
Chief of Staff to the First Lady Jackie Norris 2009 Jack Lew 2010–12
Susan Sher 2009–11 Jeff Zients 2012–13
Tina Tchen 2011–17 Sylvia Mathews Burwell 2013–14
White House Social Secretary Desirée Rogers 2009–10 Brian Deese 2014
Julianna Smoot 2010–11 Shaun Donovan 2014–17
Jeremy Bernard 2011–15 Chief Information Officer Vivek Kundra 2009–11
Deesha Dyer 2015–17 Steven VanRoekel 2011–14
Chief of Staff to the Vice President Ron Klain 2009–11 Tony Scott 2015–17
Bruce Reed 2011–13 United States Trade Representative Ron Kirk 2009–13
Steve Ricchetti 2013–17 Michael Froman 2013–17
White House Chief Usher Stephen W. Rochon† 2009–11 Director, Office of National Drug Control Policy Gil Kerlikowske 2009–14
Angella Reid 2011–17 Michael Botticelli 2014–17
Director, White House Military Office George Mulligan 2009–13 Chair, Council on Environmental Quality Nancy Sutley 2009–14
Emmett Beliveau 2013–15 Michael Boots 2014–15
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† Remained from previous administration.
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