Taishō Roman

Culture of the Taisho period in Japan

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*Kurofuneya* (1919) by Yumeji Takehisa, preserved at the Takehisa Yumeji Ikaho Memorial [ja] in Shibukawa, Gunma Prefecture

Taishō Roman (Japanese: 大正ロマン, 大正浪漫) refers to the cultural and intellectual movement of Japanese Romanticism during the Taishō era, influenced by European Romanticism. The kanji 浪漫 for Roman is an ateji first introduced by Natsume Sōseki.

According to the 2009 edition of Pocketbook of Taisho Romanticism - The World of Nostalgic & Modern - written by Keiko Ishikawa, who works at the Takehisa Yumeji Museum [ja] in Tokyo, the two words "Taishō" and "Roman" were combined because Yumeji Takehisa's works of art in the Taishō era was introduced and described as "romantic" in 1974, the 90th anniversary of his birth. ^[1] Ishikawa reported findings of her research in the 2009 edition of the Pocketbook, stating that the term was first used at the "Taishō Roman" exhibition in October 1978 held at the Suntory Museum of Art in Tokyo.^[1] However, she rewrote in the 2021 edition of the Pocketbook that the term was established in the 1970s, due to earlier usage. ^[2] Takehisa was one of the most popular painters and poets in the Taishō era, and often cited as a figure representing the culture of Taishō Roman. According to Yumeji Takehisa “Senoo Sheet Music” Cover Art Complete Collection by Minami Takehisa (Yumeji Takehisa's granddaughter) and Naoki Ōhira, he contributed more than 270 cover arts and also 24 lyrics to "Senow Gakufu [ja], or the sheet music books printed by Senoo Music Publishing Company, and his artwork was a major factor in the popularity and commercial success of the books.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Ishikawa, Keiko (2009-12-18). Taishō Roman Techō - Nostalgic & Modern no Sekai - [Pocketbook of Taisho Romanticism - The World of Nostalgic & Modern -] (in Japanese) (2009 ed.). Tokyo: Kawade Shobō Shinsha. pp. 120–122. ISBN 978-4309727707.
^ Ishikawa, Keiko (2021-12-11). Taishō Roman Techō - Nostalgic & Modern no Sekai - [Pocketbook of Taisho Romanticism - The World of Nostalgic & Modern -] (in Japanese) (2021 ed.). Tokyo: Kawade Shobō Shinsha. ISBN 978-4309750484.
^ Takehisa, Minami (2009-08-01). Ōhira, Naoki (ed.). Takehisa Yumeji "Senoo Gakufu" Hyōshiga Daizenshū (in Japanese). Tokyo: Kokushokankokai Inc. [ja]. ISBN 978-4336051172.

Romanticism

Countries

Movements

Themes

Writers

Brazil	Abreu Alencar Manuel Antônio de Almeida Alves Assis Azevedo Barreto Dias Guimarães Macedo Magalhães Reis Taunay Varela
France	Baudelaire Bertrand Chateaubriand Dumas Gautier Hugo Lamartine Mérimée Musset Nerval Nodier Staël Vigny
Germany	A. v. Arnim B. v. Arnim Beer Brentano Eichendorff Fouqué Goethe Brothers Grimm Günderrode Gutzkow Hauff Heine Hoffmann Hölderlin Jean Paul Kleist Küchelbecker Mörike Novalis Schwab Tieck Uhland
Great Britain	Barbauld Blake Anne Brontë C. Brontë E. Brontë Burns Byron Carlyle Clare Coleridge de Quincey Maria Edgeworth Keats Maturin Polidori Radcliffe Mary Robinson Scott Seward M. Shelley P. B. Shelley Southey Wordsworth
Poland	Fredro Krasiński Józef Ignacy Kraszewski Malczewski Mickiewicz Norwid Potocki Wincenty Pol Słowacki
Portugal	Castelo Branco Castilho João de Deus Dinis Garrett Herculano Soares dos Passos
Serbia	Jakšić Kostić Njegoš Radičević Stojadinović-Srpkinja Zmaj
Spain	Bécquer Rosalía de Castro Espronceda Gutiérrez Saavedra Zorrilla
Russia	Baratynsky Batyushkov Karamzin Lermontov Pushkin Tyutchev Vyazemsky Zhukovsky
USA	Bryant Cooper Emerson Hawthorne Josiah Gilbert Holland Irving Longfellow Lowell Poe
Other	Abovian Alfieri Andersen Baratashvili Botev Chavchavadze Eminescu Foscolo Frashëri Geijer Nikolai Gogol Grundtvig Heliade Isaacs Lenau Leopardi Mácha Manzoni Maturin Oehlenschläger Orbeliani Prešeren Raffi Runeberg Shevchenko Topelius Vörösmarty Wergeland

Musicians

Austria	Bruckner Czerny Hummel Mahler Schubert Thalberg Wolf
Czechia	Dvořák Moscheles Reicha Smetana Voříšek
France	Adam Alkan Auber Berlioz Fauré Halévy Méhul Onslow Saint-Saëns
Germany	Beethoven Brahms Bruch Kalkbrenner Loewe Marschner Fanny Mendelssohn Felix Mendelssohn Meyerbeer Moszkowski C. Schumann R. Schumann Spohr Strauss Wagner Weber
Italy	Bellini Busoni Cherubini Donizetti Paganini Rossini Spontini Verdi
Russia	Glinka Medtner Mussorgsky Rachmaninoff Rimsky-Korsakov Rubinstein Scriabin Tchaikovsky
Serbia	Hristić Konjović Mokranjac Stanković
Other	Bennett Berwald Chopin Elgar Field Franck Grieg Joachim Liszt Moniuszko Paderewski Sibelius Sor

Category

Overview

Emperors

Meiji (Mutsuhito)
Taishō (Yoshihito)
Shōwa (Hirohito)

Symbols

Policies

Government

Administration (ministries)	Imperial Household Home Ministry War Army Navy Treasury Foreign Affairs Agriculture and Commerce Commerce and Industry Munitions Colonial Affairs Greater East Asia East Asia Development Board (Kōain)
Legislative and deliberative bodies	Daijō-kan Privy Council Gozen Kaigi Imperial Diet Peers Representatives

Military

Armed Forces	Imperial General Headquarters Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors Senjinkun military code Nuclear weapons program Kamikaze War crimes Supreme War Council Conscription
Imperial Japanese Army	General Staff Air Service Railways and Shipping Imperial Guard Imperial Way Faction (Kōdōha) Japanese holdout Taiwan Army of Japan Control Faction (Tōseiha) Kempeitai
Imperial Japanese Navy	General Staff Air Service Marines Tokkeitai Fleet Faction Treaty Faction

History

Meiji era	Meiji Restoration Beipu uprising Boshin War Two Lords Incident Satsuma Rebellion First Sino-Japanese War Triple Intervention Boxer Rebellion Anglo–Japanese Alliance Russo-Japanese War Invasion of Taiwan (1874) Invasion of Taiwan (1895)
Taishō era	World War I Entry Siberian Intervention General Election Law Washington Naval Treaty Manchuria–Mongolia problem Taishō Democracy Taishō Roman Tapani incident Truku War Racial Equality Proposal
Shōwa era	Shōwa financial crisis Jinan incident London Naval Treaty Musha Incident Pacification of Manchukuo January 28 incident Anti-Comintern Pact Second Sino-Japanese War Soviet–Japanese border conflicts Rape of Nanking Tripartite Pact Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact Japan during World War II Pacific War Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Soviet–Japanese War Surrender (Potsdam Declaration, Hirohito surrender broadcast) Occupation

Territories

Colonies	Karafuto (naichi after 1943) Chōsen Kantō-shū Nan'yō Taiwan
Puppet states	Manchukuo Mengjiang Wang Jingwei regime Second Philippine Republic Empire of Vietnam State of Burma Azad Hind
Occupied territories	Borneo Burma Dutch East Indies French Indochina Hong Kong Malaya Philippines Singapore Thailand
Ideology	Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere Yen Bloc