Provora

Group of eukaryotic microorganisms

Provora

Ubysseya fretuma, a nibblerid predator
Scientific classification
Clade:	Diaphoretickes
Clade:	Provora Tikhonenkov et al. 2022^[1]
Clades
Nebulidia Nibbleridia

Provora is a proposed supergroup of eukaryotes made up of predatory microbes, "devouring voracious protists". It was reported that ten strains were isolated and cultured in 2022. They are predators of other microorganisms. Their discovery was very delayed, compared to other microorganisms in their environments, due to their rarity. Their 18S ribosomal RNA is very different from that of other eukaryotes consistent with their being a lineage without close relatives; this was confirmed by phylogenomic analyses of datasets of several hundred proteins, so they were taxonomically placed in a separate supergroup.^[1]

Phylogeny

External relationships

The supergroup Provora is composed of strains that form an ancient lineage within the eukaryote clade Diaphoretickes. Phylogenetic analyses have recovered the following cladogram shape:^[1]

Diaphoretickes

TSAR

	SAR

	Telonemia

Haptista

Provora

Hemimastigophora

	Cryptista

	Archaeplastida

Discoba

	Metamonada

	Ancyromonadida

Malawimonadida

CRuMs

	Amoebozoa

	Obazoa

Internal relationships

The phylogenetic relationships between the 7 described species is the following:^[1]

Provora

Nebulidia

Nebulomonas	N. marisrubri

Ancoracysta	A. twista

Nibbleridia

Ubysseya

U. fretuma

Nibbleromonas

N. arcticus

N. kosolapovi

	N. curacaus

	N. quarantinus

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Tikhonenkov, Denis V.; Mikhailov, Kirill V.; Gawryluk, Ryan M. R.; Belyaev, Artem O.; Mathur, Varsha; Karpov, Sergey A.; Zagumyonnyi, Dmitry G.; Borodina, Anastasia S.; Prokina, Kristina I.; Mylnikov, Alexander P.; Aleoshin, Vladimir V.; Keeling, Patrick J. (2022). "Microbial predators form a new supergroup of eukaryotes". Nature. 612 (7941): 714–719. Bibcode:2022Natur.612..714T. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05511-5. PMID 36477531. S2CID 254436650.