Jivadaman

2nd century Saka ruler of the Western Kshatrapas
Jivadaman
Western Satrap
Coin of the Western Kshatrapa ruler Jivadaman, dated year 119 (One hundred and ten and nine (119) in the Brahmi script of the Western Satraps, to the left) of the Saka era, thought to be 197 CE. British Museum.
Reign178-181 CE and 197-198 CE
PredecessorDamajadasri I
SuccessorRudrasimha I, Rudrasena I
IssueNone
DynastyKardamaka
FatherDamajadasri I (Damaghsada)[1]
Coin types of Jivadaman.

Jivadaman was a Saka ruler of the Western Kshatrapas in northwestern India from during the 2nd century CE. He was the son of Damajadasri I (170–175), and the brother of Satyadaman.[2]

Biography

The exact dating of Jivadaman's reign has been debated. He may have ruled as late as 121 (199 CE).[3]

Jivadaman had no sons, and consequently he was succeeded by his cousin Rudrasena I.[4]

Coins of Jivadaman

With Jivadaman, Western Satrap coins started to be minted with a date, recorded in Brahmi numerals behind the king's head.[5] According to his coins, Jivadaman seems to have ruled two times, once between Saka Era 100 and 103 (178–181 CE), before the rule of Rudrasimha I, and once between Saka Era 119 and 120 (197–198 CE).

A coin dated to the beginning of the first reign of Jivadaman, in the year 100 (One hundred in the Brahmi script of the Western Satraps) of the Saka Era (178 CE). Reverse: Chaitya with Brahmi script legend around starting at 6 o'clock:
Jivadaman, Brahmi coin legend
Jivadaman, Brahmi coin legend

"King and Great Satrap Jivadaman, son of King and Great Satrap Damajadasri"[6]

Notes

  1. ^ Rapson, Edward James (1908). "Catalogue of the Coins of the Andhra Dynasty, the Western Kṣatrapas, the Traikūṭaka Dynasty, and the "Bodhi" Dynasty".
  2. ^ Rapson, p.cxxiii
  3. ^ "The COININDIA Coin Galleries: Western Kshatrapas: Jivadaman".
  4. ^ Sailendra Nath Sen (1999). Ancient Indian History and Civilization. New Age International. p. 190. ISBN 978-81-224-1198-0.
  5. ^ Rapson, p.cxxiv
  6. ^ Rapson, Edward James (1967). Catalogue Of The Indian Coins In The British Museum. p. 83.

References

  • British Museum
  • Rapson, Edward James A catalogue of the Indian coins in the British Museum. Catalogue of the coins of the Andhra dynasty, the Western Ksatrapas, the Traikutaka dynasty, and the Bodhi dynasty Eastern Book House, India, 1990. First published in 1908.
Preceded by Western Satrap
c. 175 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Western Satrap
c. 197–199 		Succeeded by
Rudrasena I
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Indo-Scythian kings, territories and chronology (in green)
Territories/
dates 		Western India Western Pakistan
Balochistan 		Paropamisadae
Arachosia 		Bajaur Gandhara Western Punjab Eastern Punjab Mathura
INDO-GREEK KINGDOM
90–85 BCE Nicias Menander II Artemidoros
90–70 BCE Hermaeus Archebius
85-60 BCE INDO-SCYTHIAN KINGDOM
Maues
75–70 BCE Vonones
Spalahores 		Telephos Apollodotus II
65–55 BCE Spalirises
Spalagadames 		Hippostratos Dionysios
55–35 BCE Azes I Zoilos II
55–35 BCE Azilises
Azes II 		Apollophanes Indo-Scythian dynasty of the
NORTHERN SATRAPS
Hagamasha
25 BCE – 10 CE Indo-Scythian dynasty of the
APRACHARAJAS
Vijayamitra
(ruled 12 BCE - 15 CE)[n 1] 		Liaka Kusulaka
Patika Kusulaka
Zeionises 		Kharahostes
(ruled 10 BCE– 10 CE)[n 2]
Mujatria 		Strato II and Strato III Hagana
10-20 CE INDO-PARTHIAN KINGDOM
Gondophares 		Indravasu INDO-PARTHIAN KINGDOM
Gondophares 		Rajuvula
20-30 CE Ubouzanes
Pakores 		Vispavarma
(ruled c.0-20 CE)[n 3] 		Sarpedones Bhadayasa Sodasa
30-40 CE KUSHAN EMPIRE
Kujula Kadphises 		Indravarma Abdagases ... ...
40-45 CE Aspavarma Gadana ... ...
45-50 CE Sasan Sases ... ...
50-75 CE ... ...
75-100 CE Indo-Scythian dynasty of the
WESTERN SATRAPS
Chastana 		Vima Takto ... ...
100-120 CE Abhiraka Vima Kadphises ... ...
120 CE Bhumaka
Nahapana 		PARATARAJAS
Yolamira 		Kanishka I Great Satrap Kharapallana
and Satrap Vanaspara
for
Kanishka I
130-230 CE

Jayadaman
Rudradaman I
Damajadasri I
Jivadaman
Rudrasimha I
Satyadaman
Jivadaman
Rudrasena I

Bagamira
Arjuna
Hvaramira
Mirahvara

Vāsishka (c. 140 – c. 160)
Huvishka (c. 160 – c. 190)
Vasudeva I (c. 190 – to at least 230)


230-280 CE

Samghadaman
Damasena
Damajadasri II
Viradaman
Isvaradatta
Yasodaman I
Vijayasena
Damajadasri III
Rudrasena II
Visvasimha

Miratakhma
Kozana
Bhimarjuna
Koziya
Datarvharna
Datarvharna

INDO-SASANIANS
Ardashir I, Sassanid king and "Kushanshah" (c. 230 – 250)
Peroz I, "Kushanshah" (c. 250 – 265)
Hormizd I, "Kushanshah" (c. 265 – 295)

Kanishka II (c. 230 – 240)
Vashishka (c. 240 – 250)
Kanishka III (c. 250 – 275)


280-300 CE Bhratadarman Datayola II

Hormizd II, "Kushanshah" (c. 295 – 300)

Vasudeva II (c. 275 – 310)
300-320 CE

Visvasena
Rudrasimha II
Jivadaman

Peroz II, "Kushanshah" (c. 300 – 325)

Vasudeva III
Vasudeva IV
Vasudeva V
Chhu (c. 310? – 325)

320-388 CE

Yasodaman II
Rudradaman II
Rudrasena III
Simhasena
Rudrasena IV

Shapur II Sassanid king and "Kushanshah" (c. 325)
Varhran I, Varhran II, Varhran III "Kushanshahs" (c. 325 – 350)
Peroz III "Kushanshah" (c. 350 –360)
HEPHTHALITE/ HUNAS invasions

Shaka I (c. 325 – 345)
Kipunada (c. 345 – 375)

GUPTA EMPIRE
Chandragupta I Samudragupta


388-395 CE Rudrasimha III Chandragupta II
  1. ^ From the dated inscription on the Rukhana reliquary
  2. ^ An Inscribed Silver Buddhist Reliquary of the Time of King Kharaosta and Prince Indravarman, Richard Salomon, Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 116, No. 3 (Jul. - Sep., 1996), pp. 442 [1]
  3. ^ A Kharosthī Reliquary Inscription of the Time of the Apraca Prince Visnuvarma, by Richard Salomon, South Asian Studies 11 1995, Pages 27-32, Published online: 09 Aug 2010 [2]
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Western Satraps (1st c. CE - 395 CE)